The era of 16th century was hugely influenced by conflicts on religion which resulted to wars and the rise of Lutheranism. The disputes that existed during these times prompted reflections on theoretical norms which paved way in strengthening the monarchical power. This had helped overcome the crisis and merged the political situation, internally and externally.
Generally speaking, during the Industrial Revolution, the workers that supplied labor in factories and mines were known as the "urban working class", since most of the factory work was done in or around city centers.
The bottom right image of the novel "Uncle Tom's Cabin" reminds me of the uproar caused 9 years before the war. The north and south both opinionated stances on the acceptance of the book due to its contents.
The top left shows The Liberator newspaper, a widely circulated anti-slavery newspaper that continued publishing throughout the war. It bashed the Constitution and went as far as calling it a pro-slavery document.
Europe changed it's political boundaries after WWI.
Salem, Massachusetts... its where they settled