Question

If rutherford had fired neutral particles at the gold foil rather than positively charged alpha particles, how would his results have been different?

Answer 1

The outcomes would remain unchanged, with the majority of particles passing through the foil undisturbed and only a small number being deflected at broad angles.

When Rutherford fired positively charged particles?

The majority of an atom is empty space, as demonstrated by Rutherford's gold foil experiment, with a tiny, dense, positively charged nucleus. These findings led Rutherford to propose the nuclear theory of the atom.

Surprisingly, while the majority of the alpha particles were indeed un-deflected, a very small fraction (about 1 in 8000 particles) bounced off the gold foil at extremely enormous angles. Some were even redirected back to the original location. They had no prior knowledge to help them prepare for this finding.

Because they travel at a high speed and have the least penetrating power of the alpha, beta, and gamma rays, he used them. As a result, they will be least impacted by the atom's electrons, producing results that are more precise.

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