Answer:
The ability of caffeine to inhibit adenosine receptors, plays a very important role in heightened alertness and sleeplessness.
Explanation:
"<em><u>Caffeine</u></em>" (<em>1,3,7-trimethylxanthine</em>) is an alkaloid obtained from plants. It has a chemical formula of C8H10N4O2.
Caffeine is generally <em>hydrophillic</em> but sufficiently <em>lipophilic</em> to pass through all biological membranes and readily cross the blood-brain barrier.
Therefore can bind with the adenosine receptors. Due to the blocking of adenosine inhibitory effects through its receptors held by paraxanthine and caffeine, it indirectly affects the release of <u>norepinephrine, dopamine, acetylcholine, serotonin, glutamate</u> e.t.c.
The release of the above-mentioned hormones have a great impact on the heightened alertness of the body, especially <em>dopamine</em> and <em>serotonin</em>.
In light-dependent reactions, solar energy is used to make ATP and NADPH. This is used to fuel the light-independent reactions. In the light independent reactions, ADP and an inorganic phosphate P is produced, along with NADP+, which fuels the light dependent reaction.
Hope this helps!
Answer:
Asexual reproduction in starfish. Asexual reproduction in starfish takes place by fission or through autotomy of arms. In fission, the central disc breaks into two pieces and each portion then regenerates the missing parts.
Explanation:
I'm pretty sure the blank is underneath. Hope this helped. Have a great day! :D
A and B because NO x requires high tempertures
