Question

Calculate the momentum of a proton moving with a speed of (a) 0.010c, (b) 0.50c, (c) 0.90c. (d) convert the answers of (a)â(c) to mev/c.

Answer 1

The momentum of a proton would be:

(a) For particle moving with speed 0.010c

p = 5.016 × 10^(-21) kgms^{-1}

p = 9.398 MeV/c

(b) For particle moving with speed 0.50c

p = 2.89 × 10^(-19) kgms^{-1}

p = 541.5 MeV/c

(c) For particle moving with speed 0.90c

p = 23.73 × 10^(-19) kgms^{-1}

p = 4446.35 MeV/c

For given question,

We need to calculate the momentum of a proton moving with a given speed.

We know that, the equation for relativistic momentum is,

$p=\frac{mv}{\sqrt{1-\frac{v^2}{c^2} } }$

We know, the mass of proton (m) = $1.67\times 10^{-27}$ kg

(a) For particle moving with speed 0.010c

v = 0.010c

the momentum of a proton would be,

$\Rightarrow p=\frac{(1.67\times 10^{-27}kg)\times (0.010\times 3\times 10^8)\frac{m}{s} }{\sqrt{1-\frac{0.01^2~c^2}{1^2~c^2} } }\\\\\Rightarrow p=5.016\times 10^{-21}~~kgms^{-1}$

(b) For particle moving with speed 0.50c

v = 0.50c

the momentum of a proton would be,

$\Rightarrow p=\frac{(1.67\times 10^{-27}kg)\times (0.50\times 3\times 10^8)\frac{m}{s} }{\sqrt{1-\frac{0.5^2~c^2}{1^2~c^2} } }\\\\\Rightarrow p=2.89\times 10^{-19}~~kgms^{-1}$

(c) For particle moving with speed 0.90c

v = 0.90c

the momentum of a proton would be,

$\Rightarrow p=\frac{(1.67\times 10^{-27}kg)\times (0.90\times 3\times 10^8)\frac{m}{s} }{\sqrt{1-\frac{0.90^2~c^2}{1^2~c^2} } }\\\\\Rightarrow p=23.73\times 10^{-19}~~kgms^{-1}$

Now, we need to convert answers into MeV/c

1 MeV = 1.6 × 10^(-13) kg.m²/s²

⇒ 1  kg.m²/s² = 625 × 10^(10) MeV

1 c = 299,792,458 m/s

⇒ 1 m/s = 3.3356E-9 c

So, 1  kg. m/s = 1.8737259e+21 MeV/c

(a) For p = 5.016 × 10^(-21) kgms^{-1}

⇒ p = 5.016 × 10^(-21) × 1.8737259e+21

⇒ p = 9.398 MeV/c

(b) For p = 2.89 × 10^(-19) kgms^{-1}

⇒ p = 2.89 × 10^(-19) × 1.8737259e+21

⇒ p = 541.5 MeV/c

(c) For p = 23.73 × 10^(-19) kgms^{-1}

⇒ p = 23.73 × 10^(-19) × 1.8737259e+21

⇒ p = 4446.35 MeV/c

Therefore, the momentum of a proton would be:

(a) For particle moving with speed 0.010c

p = 5.016 × 10^(-21) kgms^{-1}

p = 9.398 MeV/c

(b) For particle moving with speed 0.50c

p = 2.89 × 10^(-19) kgms^{-1}

p = 541.5 MeV/c

(c) For particle moving with speed 0.90c

p = 23.73 × 10^(-19) kgms^{-1}

p = 4446.35 MeV/c

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