Natural acquired passive immunity can result from the placenta transfer of maternal antibodies to fetal circulation.
What is passive immunity?
Passive immunity is disease protection given by antibodies produced outside of the individual's body. The immunity that is passive:
- It is not necessary to have previously been exposed to a disease agent (either through infection or vaccination)
- It is instantly effective.
- Typically, it does not endure long (up to a few months)
Passive immunity is typically short-lived since the supply of antibodies is not replenished as it would be in someone whose immune system actively producing them.
Maternal passive immunity, also known as natural passive immunity, is immunity that is handed down from mother to child.
- Antibodies transfer over the placenta to the unborn child and can provide protection against the corresponding infections in the weeks and months after delivery.
- A newborn continues to get passive protection against disease after delivery via antibodies present in breast milk, particularly colostrum, the protein-rich milk produced in the first few days after birth.
- Maternal passive immunity is essential for safeguarding newborns until their own immune systems mature sufficiently to do so.
Hence, the correct answer is option C
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