Answer AND Explanation:
Fossil fuels are substances that are combusted to provide energy. They include coal, natural gas and oil. Nitrogen(IV) oxide is a byproduct of all fossil fuel combustion that contribute to acid rain and ground-level ozone. Nitrogen (IV) oxide can burn lung tissue making people more susceptible to asthma, bronchitis, and other chronic respiratory diseases. When gases like sulphur (IV) oxide and nitrogen (IV) oxide mix they form acid rain and other precipitation when dissolved in water. Acidic precipitation increases the acidity of lakes and streams, which can be harmful to fish and other aquatic organisms.
Excess production of CO2 by industries results in green housse effect which causes global warming. The gases are also poisonous to the respiratory system causing breathing difficulties, eye irritation and headache.
Epithelial cells best suited for resisting abrasion and preventing pathogen entry into deeper tissues are stratified squamous epithelial cells.
Stratified cells are layered cells, squamous cells are flat and epithelial cells are covering cells. Therefore, stratified squamous epithelial cells are flattened, layered covering cells arranged on a basement membrane.
Stratified squamous epithelial cells have very little to no intercellular spaces which prevent pathogen from passing through and entering into the deeper tissues. They are well suited for resisting abrasion because the uppermost layers are subsequently sloughed off and replaced before the basement membrane is exposed. These types of cells form the outermost layer of the skin.
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Answer:
carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen
