Question

How can insulin deficiency lead to an increase in blood glucose concentration?

Answer 1

When insulin is deficient , GLUT4 transporters are not inserted into the cell membranes , glucose is not transported into the cells and the blood glucose concentration increases.

Insulin deficiency provides more amino acid and glycerol substrates for glucose synthesis  ie increased gluconeogenesis .

With a deficiency of insulin, there is both increased hepatic glucose production through increased glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis as well as decreased glucose use. The result is hyperglycemia.

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