Answer:
Polyploidy is the state of a cell or organism having more than two paired (homologous) sets of chromosomes. Most species whose cells have nuclei (eukaryotes) are diploid, meaning they have two sets of chromosomes—one set inherited from each parent. Hence ploidy is defined with respect to a cell.
Explanation:
Answer: The endosymbiotic theory suggests that eukaryotic organisms evolve from primitive prokaryotic organisms.
Explanation:
According to the endosymbiotic theory the organelles like mitochondria and chloroplast in the eukaryotic cells have arisen from aerobic bacteria. The aerobic bacteria being prokaryotic cell was consumed by the anaerobic bacteria or prokaryotic cell.
The following are the evidences of the origin of eukaryotic organisms from prokaryotic organisms:
1. The chloroplast and mitochondria have circular DNA like bacteria.
2. The mitochondria and chloroplast reproduce through binary fission which also occurs in bacteria.
The chemical composition of bone is made up of collagen and calcium, which makes bones stronger
NADPH is a reduced form of NADP+. The latter features an extra hydrogen ion in its chemical structure. When NADP+ transforms into NADPH, the other hydrogen ion is released as part of the reaction while the other hydrogen ion becomes a part of the NADPH structure.
