Under feudalism, lords were responsible for ruling different regions of a country.
These regions were given as a fief to the Lord by the King or a higher rank Lord in return for their loyalty and service.
Depending on the kingdom, this alliance between the King and his vassal could be inherited. If the king needed so, the Lord had to pay service of arms, gathering knights and soldiers for war. They also had to protect the land given and the people living in it for the King.
This was necessary for kings in Middle Ages because they didn’t have enough power and an army to protect their realms from invasions and raids. Lords were the ones who had private armies, so they could actually protect the country. This is why they became responsible for ruling different regions.
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