One of the key questions as the nation grew was whether the additional territory would be slave or free. The Wilmot Proviso is an illustration of tensions between the North and South over the South's opposition to the spread of slavery.
<h3>What was Wilmot Proviso?</h3>
The Wilmot Proviso was an unsuccessful 1846 proposal in the US Congress to limit Mexican-American dominance over territories obtained from Mexico.
On August 8, 1846, Pennsylvania Senator David Wilmot introduced the proviso as a rider to a bill allocating $2,000,000 for the final negotiations to settle the Mexican-American War in the House of Representatives.
The Wilmot Proviso, if effective, would have successfully countered the 1820 Missouri Compromise by forbidding subordination in a region south of the corresponding 36°30′ north. It was approved by the House but failed in the Senate because of the South's stronger representation there.
It was reintroduced in February 1847, passed the House this time, but failed in the Senate. An attempt to include it in the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo in 1848 also failed. Political divisions between sections arose over the Southwest's conquest and persisted until the Compromise of 1850.
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