Although Kruskal's algorithm creates numerous trees that eventually connect to form a single final solution, it always ensures minimality.
One of the major problems facing civil engineers at the beginning of the 20th century was the difficulty of electrifying towns and cities. Otakar Borvka, a Moravian professor, thought about the issue and developed a solution in 1926.
More impressively, Borvka presented the solution as an abstract weighted graph rather than just in terms of wires and electricity. The absence of backup connections necessitates the use of a tree as a solution (as opposed to a graph, which may contain multiple paths or cycles), the connectedness requirement necessitates the use of a spanning tree (as opposed to a disconnected forest of multiple trees), and the cost focus necessitates the use of a minimum spanning tree.
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