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1 year ago

In photosynthesis, the movement of protons from the stroma to the thylakoid lumen is _ and is coupled to __.

1 answer:

3 0

In photosynthesis, the movement of protons from the stroma to the thylakoid lumen is proton gradient and is coupled to transfer of protons.

Protons are transported across the thylakoid membrane and into the lumen through the electron transport chain (the space inside the thylakoid disk). Protons are simultaneously removed from the stroma by reduction of NADPH and added to the lumen via water splitting (the space outside the thylakoids). Protons are pumped from the stroma to the thylakoid lumen as a result of the electron passing through the first link in the electron transport chain. A fourth protein complex in the thylakoid membrane, ATP synthase, then uses the energy stored in this proton gradient to produce ATP. This protein complex, like the mitochondrial enzyme, links proton flow back across the membrane to the creation of ATP.

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Photosynthesis transforms blank into chemical energy by blank sugars. Cellular respiration releases the blank from food by blank

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<h3>Photosynthesis</h3>

Most life on Earth depends on photosynthesis. The process is carried out by plants, algae, and some types of bacteria, which capture energy from sunlight to produce oxygen (O2) and chemical energy stored in glucose (a sugar). Herbivores then obtain this energy by eating plants, and carnivores obtain it by eating herbivores.

Inside the plant cell are small organelles called chloroplasts, which store the energy of sunlight. Within the thylakoid membranes of the chloroplast is a light-absorbing pigment called chlorophyll, which is responsible for giving the plant its green color. During photosynthesis, chlorophyll absorbs energy from blue- and red-light waves, and reflects green-light waves, making the plant appear green.

<h3>Cellular respiration</h3>

Cellular respiration, the process by which organisms combine oxygen with foodstuff molecules, diverting the chemical energy in these substances into life-sustaining activities and discarding, as waste products, carbon dioxide and water.

One objective of the degradation of foodstuffs is to convert the energy contained in chemical bonds into the energy-rich compound adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which captures the chemical energy obtained from the breakdown of food molecules and releases it to fuel other cellular processes.

With this information, we can say that photosynthesis transforms solar energy into chemical energy through sugars. Cellular respiration releases energy from food through sugars.

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Which statement best descnbes the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration?

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In photosynthesis, the movement of protons from the stroma to the thylakoid lumen is _______ and is coupled to ________.

In photosynthesis, the movement of protons from the stroma to the thylakoid lumen is _ and is coupled to __.