Answer:
Charles babbage was the father of computer.
While citing the source in the research paper, "2011" refers to the date/year the source was published.
A “citation” refers to the way a writer or publisher can tell its readers that certain material in the work has been taken from another source. It also gives readers the information that is necessary to locate the actual source with reference of the works Cited page. A citation compulsorily includes a set of parentheses.
There are certain elements to be included while writing the citation:
- Author of paper.
- Year of publication (in round brackets)
- Title of paper (in single quotation marks)
- Title of conference proceedings: subtitle (in italics)
Therefore, "2011" refers to the date/year the source was published.
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Between 1692 and 1693, the Salem witch trials took place in colonial Massachusetts. Twenty persons were put to death after being charged with using witchcraft, the Devil's sorcery.
What is witch trials?
Between February 1692 and May 1693, a series of hearings and trials for those accused of witchcraft took place in colonial Massachusetts. There were more than 200 accusations. Thirty individuals were found guilty, and 19 of them were hanged (14 women and five men). Giles Corey, another man, was put to death by being pressured to confess, and at least five inmates also passed away while they were being held. In addition to Salem and Salem Village (now known as Danvers), arrests were also made in a number of other towns, most notably Andover and Topsfield. In Salem Town, where the hangings also took place, grand juries and trials for this capital offence were convened in 1692 by a Court of Oyer and Terminer and in 1693 by a Superior Court of Judicature.
Because Christian authorities had changed their minds, there was a widespread witch hunt throughout Christendom. Serious differences or disagreements among churchgoers or groups are what lead to conflicts in the church. These conflicts typically revolve around major decisions regarding new pastoral staff, the use of a building or mission finance, the format of worship services, church festivals, etc. After sceptic jurists, particularly Sir John Holt (1642-1710), had already substantially stopped convictions of accused witches under English law, the Witchcraft Act 1735 put an end to prosecutions for purported witchcraft in England.
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Duncan (the King of Scotland), his two sons (Malcolm and Donalbain), and Lennox (a Scottish nobleman) hang out with their attendants at a military camp in Scotland.
Lost? Check out this nifty map of major locations in the play.
King Duncan's forces have been busy fighting against the King of Norway and the traitor, Macdonwald.
A wounded Captain arrives, fresh from the field, where he fought to help Duncan's son, Malcolm, escape capture. What's the news?
Well, says the Captain, the battle was going south fast until brave Macbeth fought through the "swarm" of enemy soldiers and disemboweled the traitorous Macdonwald.
There's some gab about Macbeth's great courage in the face of seemingly impossible adversity and the Captain continues his story: after Macbeth spilled Macdonwald's guts all over the ground, the battle flared up again when the "Norwegian Lord" brought new men to the field, but even this didn't daunt Macbeth and Banquo, who just redoubled their efforts.
Oh, but could someone get the Captain a surgeon? He's kind of bleeding all over the place.
The Thane of Ross arrives from another battle, where Macbeth was also kicking serious butt. Sweno, Norway's king, is not allowed to bury his men until he hands over ten thousand dollars to the Scots.
Duncan then proclaims the traitorous Thane of Cawdor will be executed, and Macbeth, responsible for the victory, shall have his title.
Ross is sent to announce the news to Macbeth.
source
http://www.shmoop.com/macbeth/act-1-scene-2-summary.html
