Answer:
reason for studying human genetics is that it gives us a powerful tool for understanding and describing human evolution. At one time, data from physical anthropology (including information about skin color, body build, and facial traits) were the only source of information available to scholars interested in tracing human evolutionary history. Today, however, researchers have a wealth of genetic data, including molecular data, to call upon in their work.
Answer:
Repair mechanism for base cleavage (BER)
Explanation:
Repair by base cleavage (BER)
The altered bases are specifically recognized by glycosylases and removed, generating an AP site. The hole is filled by a DNA polymerase that takes the healthy strand as a template. This system arises not only by exposure to external agents, but also by the cell's own activity.
In case of damage in more than one nucleotide, repair by nucleotide excision (NER) is performed.
Nucleotide excision repair (NER)
The damaged area is recognized by UvrA and B, then A and B separate and UvrC enters which forms a complex with endonuclease activity with B. This enzyme cuts the T-dimer and the gap is filled by a DNA polymerase. There is also the TC-NER system (transcription-coupled nucleotide repair system). The alteration of these mechanisms gives rise to diseases such as: Xeroderma pigmentosum, Trichotiodystrophy or Cockayne Syndrome
Answer:
option B: one species decreases the probability that a second species will become established
Explanation:
Inhibition as a mechanism of succession occurs when some early species which could also include pioneer species make the site less suitable for the development of other species and do not allow them to become established and grow. When eventually these early species die, other species that were hindered will subsequently grow and become established gradually giving rise to a climax community.
Mitochondria and chloroplasts likely evolved from engulfed bacteria that once lived as independent organisms. ... Eukaryotic cells containing mitochondria then engulfed photosynthetic bacteria, which evolved to become specialized chloroplast organelles.
The answer is prokaryotes
Protein. im absolutely certain
