Marcine is highly educated, holds an important job, makes a lot of money, and enjoys the respect of almost everyone who knows her. Sociologists would describe her social position as <u>having high status consistency</u>.
Marcine's social position is based on social stratification. Systems of social stratification use variables like income, education, and occupation to define social status. Sociologists refer to the consistency—or lack thereof—of a person's ranking across various variables as status consistency. The more rigid class structure has lower status consistency, whereas caste systems have more status consistency.
A person can work hard, have little education, and still belong to the middle or top class in a class system but not in a caste one. Low status consistency in a class system is associated with having more options and opportunities. Systems of stratification can be open, which allows movement and interaction across strata, or closed, which permits little change in social standing. In a caste system, social standing is determined by birth or ascribed status. Class systems are open, and social position is influenced by achievement. Based on things like wealth, income, education, and occupation, people are categorised into classes. A meritocracy is a form of social stratification that awards status based on individual merit and recognises and rewards effort.
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