200 million year to 550 million years old
In cell signalling, after a signal is sent, signal molecules bind to receptors on target cells and some activity in a target cell changes.
There are three stages in cell signalling :
1. The process of reception occurs when a signalling molecule from the extracellular environment is recognized by a cell. The chemical signal, which is also known as a ligand, is recognized as a signal when it attaches to a receptor protein either on the exterior of the cell or on the interior of the cell.
2. Transduction: This process occurs when the signalling molecule interacts with the receptor, which causes a change in the protein that makes up the receptor. The process of transduction is kicked off by this modification. In most cases, signal transduction occurs through a pathway that consists of numerous stages. The signal transduction route contains relay molecules, each of which influences the subsequent molecule in the pathway.
3. Reaction: In the third and last step, the signal causes a certain cellular response.
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Answer:
D
Explanation:
Males have testes while females have ovaries
The transformation of gneiss into mica, quartz, and feldspar crystals is an example of physical weathering and disintegration and is denoted as option E.
<h3>What is Weathering?</h3>
This is a process in which rocks are broken down into smaller particles through series of mechanisms and factors.
Gneiss is referred to a type of metamorphic rock which is subject to physical weathering when subjected to factors such as high pressure etc.
The rock also undergoes disintegration into mica, quartz, and feldspar crystals under different types of conditions which is why option E was chosen as the most appropriate choice.
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The options are:
A. physical weathering
B. hydrolysis
C. disintegration
D. chemical weathering
E. both A and C
Answer:
You can put whatever u want on it
Explanation:
