According to Newton's Second Law of Motion, the force is equal to the mass of an object multiplied by its acceleration. When you talk about gravitational force, the acceleration referred to here is the acceleration due to gravity. This is very familiar to us in physics. The acceleration due to gravity on Earth is equal to 9.81 m/s². It actually depends on the location. According to the Universal Law of Gravitation:
F = Gm₁m₂/d²
The force is a factor of the product of two masses and their distance from each other. The G is a constant called the universal gravitational constants. So, gravitational force is actually a relative force exerted by one body to another.
Going back the Second Law of Motion, we can modify the equation to:
F = mg
Since it is mentioned that the gravity on the moon is only 1/6 of the Earth, then the gravity for moon is:
g,moon = 1/6(9.81) = 1.635 m/s²
So, let's compare the weight of the object with a mass of 10 kg. The weight is actually the force due to gravity pulling you towards the center of the body.
Weight on Earth = (10 kg)(9.81 m/s²) = 98.1 N
Weight on Moon = (10 kg)(1.635 m/s²) = 16.35 N
The mass, on the other hand, is not affected by gravity. It is always constant. Therefore, the mass of the object on the moon is the same with its mass on the Earth.
It would be B, the greater the mass, the more fast the orbiting object will move
Answer: the index of refraction of material X will be 1.09 and the angle the light makes with the normal in the air is 81.25°.
Explanation: To find the answer, we need to know the Snell's law.
<h3>What is Snell's law of refraction? Using this, how to solve the problem?</h3>
- The Snell's law for refraction can be written as,

where, i is the incident angle, r is the refracted angle, n is the refractive index.
- As we know that the refractive index of water is 1.33
- For the first case, incident angle from the picture is 65°, and the refracted angle is 48°. Thus, the refractive index of the medium X will be,

- In the second case, incident angle is 48° and we have to find the refracted angle r for the air.
- As we know that the refractive index of air is 1.
- Thus, the refracted angle will be,

Thus, we can conclude that, the index of refraction of material X will be 1.09 and the angle the light makes with the normal in the air is 81.25°.
Learn more about the Snell's law here:
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Answer: The speed is 4 meters per second or 4 m/s.
Explanation:
First, we have the relationship:
Speed = Distance/Time.
In this case, we know that the fire department arrives to a fire in 210 seconds after leaving the fire station to the burning building which is 840m away, this means that:
Time = 210 seconds
Distance traveled in that time = 840m.
Then the speed is:
Speed = 840m/210s = 4 m/s.
The speed is 4 meters per second.