An external agent or person that interacts with the system by supplying or receiving data is called an <u>actor</u>.
An actor refers to any external agent, such as a person, an organization, a machine, or another software, that interacts with the system by supplying and receiving data. Actors represent the role of users that use the system. They are always external to/outside the system.
In an online banking system, external agents such as customers, bank, ATM, bank database, web merchant and retail institution etc. all are called actors. They are directly and indirectly interacting with the online banking system.
Applications and systems are designed to perform specific functions. Actors interact with these systems to access the functionality offered by them. When a request from an actor is initiated, the system generates a response accordingly to handle the request and complete the goal. To depict the series of interactions performed by an actor with the system, use-case diagrams are used.
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