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1 year ago

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Biology

1 answer:

ahrayia [7]1 year ago

8 0

Mutations can affect chromosome number or structure. Among these last ones, deletion and duplication affect affect the number of genes. Translocation and inversion affect gene sequences. A) Translocation B) Deletion C) Inversion D) Duplication.

<h3>What are chromosomic mutations?</h3>

DNA suffers different mutations and changes. These mutations might affect chromosomes by altering a gene sequence or a chromosomal fragment.

There are two types of chromosomal mutations which depend on the mutation type,

- If the mutation affects the number of the chromosomes (haploidy, polyploidy, aneuploidy)

- If the mutation affects the chromosome structure.

Among the mutations that affect the structure of the chromosome, we can mention,

The ones affecting the number of genes

- Deletion ⇒ Occurs a loss of genes

- Duplication ⇒ The number of genes increases

The ones affecting the sequence of genes

- Inversion ⇒ genes order or sequence is inverted

- Translocation ⇒ genes are interchanged between chromosomes

In the exposed example,

A) Translocation

There was an interchange of genes between the two involved chromosomes.

One of them started with genes ABC and the other one with genes DE. After the interchage one of them ended with genes AC and the other one with genes DBC.

B) Deletion

The chromosome lost the A gene, which was deleted from the original sequence.

C) Inversion

The original sequence in this chromosome was ABC, and after the inversion the gene order was CBA.

D) Duplication

The original sequence was ABC, and after the duplication event, genes A and B got duplicated and the new sequence was ABABC.

In the attached files you will have an image with further explanation.

Note: You should check if the chromosomal mutations are represented with the same letters I porposed here.

You can learn more about chromosomal mutations at

brainly.com/question/14633219

brainly.com/question/6198529

brainly.com/question/15012012

brainly.com/question/14209109

#SPJ1

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Answer:

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1) Myelinated axons transmit nerve impulses via continuous conduction. FALSE. In the axon, nodes of Ranvier are found at regular intervals along the length of the axon in the myelin sheath that surrounds it. These are small spaces that expose the axon membrane to the extracellular fluid and serve to allow the nerve impulse to travel faster, in a jumping manner and with less chance of error.

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4) Myelinated axons are more energy efficient than unmyelinated axons. TRUE. The rate at which sodium input through one node can depolarize the axon at the next node is related to the current and capacitance across the membrane. Myelinated axons have faster action potential conduction because it jumps from node to node, thereby they use less energy because they don't have to travel the entire length.

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