The Greco-Persian Wars were actually two independent conflicts. The first conflict happened in 490 BCE. The second conflict occurred between 480 and 479 BCE.
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How were the motivations of the participants in the Greco-Persian Wars different?</h3>
There was not enough agriculture in Greece to accommodate a big population due to its extensive hilly terrain. As a result, several city-states would send a portion of their populace to establish colonies along the Mediterranean Sea and Black Sea. Some of these colonies were established in Ionia, on the western coast of Asia Minor (today's Turkey). Lydia, a nearby regional power to the east, finally seized control of the Ionian colonies.
Lydia was captured by the Persians as they grew in power to the west. Ionia followed suit, so did they. Ionia, however, proved to be very challenging for the Persians to govern because the local Greek population bitterly resented Persian rule. In 499 BCE, the Ionians rose up in opposition to Persian rule. In their battle with the Persians, the Ionians put up a fierce fight and were difficult to subdue. The Ionians asked for assistance from the other Greek city-states, which only made Persia's issues worse. In response to their cries for assistance, Athens and Eretria dispatched a number of ships and soldiers to aid their uprising in 498 BCE. In the end, despite their assistance, the Ionians were subdued in 493 BCE. However, Darius I, the Persian monarch, was extremely incensed by it.
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