The two central ideas in the text - "The Rise of Greek city" are as follows. The Greece developed because of its geographical position and the war between city-states Athens and Sparta.
The geographical location of the Greek peninsula led to its development. There was easy access to water as there were numerous islands, deep harbors and a network of small rivers. All these proved very helpful in making the Greek people explorers and traders.
The mountain terrain made it very difficult for the people to travel or to communicate. That's why the city-states developed independently. Athens and Sparta became one of the most important city-states of Greece which then developed differences. Due to these differences, both the states fought a war known as Peloponnesian war.
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