Answer: See explanation below for answer.
Explanation: In micro-economics, a discretionary expense refers to a cost that a business or household can actually do without, if necessary. These expenses are often wants rather than needs. Case in point, a business may allow employees to charge certain meal and entertainment costs to the company.
In macro-economics, discretionary spending is the type of government spending that is implemented through an appropriations bill. What this means is that the spending is an optional part of fiscal policy, which is quite the opposite of entitlement programs for which require mandatory funding and are determined by the number of qualified recipients.
Some examples of areas funded by discretionary spending are national defense, foreign aid, education and transportation.
Discretionary spending must always be deliberated upon by Congress through the annual appropriations process each year.
Answer:
When gasoline prices increase, a larger share of households' budgets is likely to be spent on it, which leaves less to spend on other goods and services. The same goes for businesses whose goods must be shipped from place to place or that use fuel as a major input (such as the airline industry).
Explanation:
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Individual and institutional investors come together on stock exchanges to buy and sell shares in a public venue. Share prices are set by supply and demand as buyers and sellers place orders. Order flow and bid-ask spreads are often maintained by specialists or market makers to ensure an orderly and fair market.
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Answer:
4400
Increase
c. An index of 10,000 corresponds to a monopoly firm with 100% market share
Explanation:
Here are the options to the last question
Why is the largest possible value of the Herfindahl index 10,000 ?
a. An index of 10,000 corresponds to 100 firms with a 1% market share each
b. An industry with an index higher than 10,000 is automatically regulated by the Justice Department
c. An index of 10,000 corresponds to a monopoly firm with 100% market share
HHI index = 60² + 20² + 20² = 4400
If one of the firms leaves the industry, the market share would be distributed between the two firms and this would cause the HHI index to increase as firm's concentration would increase
If only one firm operates in the industry, its market share would be 100% and its HHI index would be 100² = 10,000. For an industry to exist there has to be at least one firm operating in the industry,
