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11 months ago

the process of might be used to determine the value of the smoothing constant that minimizes the mean squared error.

1 answer:

3 0

The mean squared error minimization smoothing constant's value can be found using a nonlinear optimization process.

Although the linear programming model is effective in many nonlinear optimization circumstances, it is insufficient to accurately model some issues. An illustration would be the isoperimetric problem, which asks you to identify the closed plane curve with the maximum area and a minimization given length. Pappus of Alexandria had access to the solution but not the proof. 340 CE.

The Swiss mathematician Johann Bernoulli challenged himself in 1696 to find the curve that minimizes the time it takes an object to slide, using minimization only the force of gravity, between two nonvertical points. This challenge marked the beginning of the branch of mathematics known as the nonlinear optimization calculus of variations. Along with Johann Bernoulli, the correct answers were also provided by his brother Jakob Bernoulli, the German Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, and the Englishman Isaac Newton. (The solution is the brachistochrone.) Many nonlinear algorithms, in particular, heavily rely on Newton's method of solving the problem.

Learn more about nonlinear optimization here

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Dufner Co. issued 15-year bonds one year ago at a coupon rate of 7.1 percent. The bonds make semi-annual payments. If the YTM on

saveliy_v [14]

Answer:

Total $1,173.2544

Explanation:

The price of the bond will be equivalent to the coupon payment and maturity discounted at the YTM

Coupon payment PV will be an annuity:

$C \times \frac{1-(1+r)^{-time} }{rate} = PV\\$

C 35.50 (1,000 x 7.1% / 2 )

time 30 (15 years x 2 payment per year)

rate 0.027 (YTM /2 )

$35.5 \times \frac{1-(1+0.027)^{-30} }{0.027} = PV\\$

PV $723.5919

The maturity will be the present value of a lump sum

$\frac{Maturity}{(1 + rate)^{time} } = PV$

Maturity 1,000.00

time 30.00

rate 0.027

$\frac{1000}{(1 + 0.027)^{30} } = PV$

PV 449.66

We add bot h to gett the market value

PV c $723.5919

PV m $449.6625

Total $1,173.2544

3 0

3 years ago

Folsom Advertising, Inc. is considering an investment in a new information system. The new system requires an investment of $1,8

sveticcg [70]

Answer:

Payback period=2 years 5 months

Payback period=3 years 8 months

Explanation:

The payback period is the estimated length of time in years it takes .

It is the number of years it takes the cash project to break-even

a) Payback period

Total cash flow for two years = 750× 2 = 1500.000

Balance of cash flow required to make up= 1800000- 1500,000 300,000

Payback period = 2 years + 300,000/750,000× 12 months= 2 years 5 months

Payback period=2 years 5 months

b) Payback period

Total cash flow for 3 years = 450,000 + $225,000 +600,000=1,275 ,000

Balance o cash required to make up 1800,000 = 1,800,000 -1275,000= 525,000

Pay back period = 3 years + 525,000/750,000× 12 months

= 3 years 8 months

Payback period=3 years 8 months

5 0

3 years ago

Equipment was purchased for $300,000. Freight charges amounted to $14,000 and there was a cost of $40,000 for building a foundat

aksik [14]

Answer:

Annual Depreciation expense= $58,800

Explanation:

According to International Accounting standards(IAS) 16 property plan and equipment (PPE), the cost of an asset is the purchase cost plus other costs of bringing it to the intended working conditions.

So we will add the purchase cost to installation , freight charges.

Cost of assets = 300,000 + 14,000 + 40,000 =$354,000

Annual depreciation = (Cost - Scrap Value)/ Number of years

= (354,000 - 60,000)/5

=$58,800

Annual Depreciation expense= $58,800

8 0

3 years ago

Cyber Security Systems had sales of 4,600 units at $65 per unit last year. The marketing manager projects a 30 percent increase

scoray [572]

Answer:

Net dollar sales projection for this year = 516,971.00

Explanation:

Projected sales volume

130%× 4,600= 5,980units

Project selling price

=140% × $65

= $91

Total sales value

= $91 × 5980units

= $ 544,180.00

Net dollar sales projection

= Total sales value - Returned merchandise

= 544,180.00 - (5% × 544,180.00 )

= $ 516,971.00

Net dollar sales projection for this year = 516,971.00

3 0

3 years ago

How is it that people working in their own self-interest produce goods, services, and wealth for others?

Brums [2.3K]

Answer:

Explanation:

In order to earn money and produce goods that improve lives, self-directed gain would provide jobs, and subsequently wages for others.

The way people can become wealthy by their own efforts is to sell what they produce to others. As the business grows, labor is hired to produce more. This is the 'invisible hand' concept that turns self-directed gain into social and economic benefits for all.

8 0

3 years ago