Question

2. what is the difference between vertical and horizonal linkages? how do informal linkages fit in?

Answer 1

Vertical linkages tie supervisors and subordinates together. Horizontal linkages are formal relationships between equals in an organization.

An organisational chart is a type of diagram used by most businesses to show their structure. These organisational charts demonstrate how vertical linkages and horizontal linkages, two fundamental building elements, are used to create a firm's structure. Relationships between superiors and subordinates are vertically linked.

These connections demonstrate the lines of authority that a supervisor uses to assign authority to subordinates, monitor their actions, assess their performance, and, when required, direct them toward improvement. Except for the one at the very top of the organisation hierarchy, every supervisor also acts as a subordinate to someone else.

Know more about Vertical linkages here

brainly.com/question/15570382

#SPJ4