Answer:
Gluconeogenesis is blocked due to pyruvate dehydrogenase complex inhibition, which starves neurological tissue of glucose.
Explanation:
Metabolism is involved directly or indirectly in all processes conducted in living cells. The brain, popularly viewed as a neuronal–glial complex, gets most of its energy from the oxygen-dependent metabolism of glucose, and the mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) plays a key regulatory role during the oxidation of glucose. Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (also called PDC kinase or PDK) is a kinase that regulates glucose metabolism by switching off PDC. Four isoforms of PDKs with tissue specific activities have been identified. The metabolisms of neurons and glial cells, especially, those of astroglial cells, are interrelated, and these cells function in an integrated fashion. The energetic coupling between neuronal and astroglial cells is essential to meet the energy requirements of the brain in an efficient way. Accumulating evidence suggests that alterations in the PDKs and/or neuron-astroglia metabolic interactions are associated with the development of several neurological disorders. Here, the authors review the results of recent research efforts that have shed light on the functions of PDKs in the nervous system, particularly on neuron-glia metabolic interactions and neuro-metabolic disorders.
Answer:
The shape of an enzyme determines which reaction it can catalyze.
Explanation:
Each enzyme is specific to one type of reaction. According to the structure of each enzyme, it has an active site capable of binding to a specific substrate, so the shape of the enzyme determines the type of reaction to be catalyzed.
Once the reaction occurs, the enzyme releases the product of the reaction and the enzyme is available for another reaction.
Regarding the other options:
- <em>The shape of an enzyme no depends on the reaction that it needs to catalyze.
</em>
- <em>Due to their specificity, enzymes can only catalyze one reaction at a time</em>
- <em>The shape of the enzyme is not altered after the reaction.</em>
Vecuronium and rocuronium are commonly used "non-depolarizing" neuromuscular blockers (NMBs).
The Law of Dominance says that when an organism is heterozygous for a trait, only the dominant allele will produce a phenotype.
<span>Option D correctly describes seafloor spreading. Seafloor spreading is a process which typically occur at middle ocean ridges where new oceanic crusts are formed as a result of volcanic activity. These oceanic crusts then gradually move away from the ridge.</span>
