Removing the layers that surround the oocyte is due to the action of 100 sperm, but one sperm will fertilize the oocyte.
<h3>How does the sperm fertilize the oocyte?</h3>
When sperm and an oocyte (egg) join, their nuclei fuse, resulting in fertilization. These reproductive cells combine to produce a diploid cell (zygote) since each is a haploid holding half of the genetic material required to become a human being.
The surviving capacitated sperm come into contact with the oocyte as it travels along the distal uterine tube and move toward it in response to chemical attractants secreted by the corona radiata cells. The sperm must get beyond the two protective layers to reach the oocyte itself.
The sperm first penetrates the corona radiata cells. The sperm then bind to receptors in the zona pellucida when they come into touch with it. This starts a process known as the acrosomal reaction, in which the sperm's acrosome, an enzyme-filled "cap," releases its reserve of digesting enzymes. These enzymes make it possible for sperm to get through the zona pellucida and reach the oocyte. Finally, a single sperm contacts sperm-binding receptors on the plasma membrane of the oocyte. The head and mid-piece of the "winning" sperm then enter the interior of the oocyte after the plasma membrane of that sperm fuses with the oocyte's plasma membrane.
Learn more about the process of fertilization here:
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