The correct answer is b. Release of short-chain fatty acids.
The intestinal microflora is complex ecosystem which contains over 400 bacterial species.That microflora is capable of fermenting indigestible carbohydrates (dietary fiber) to short-chain fatty acids such as acetate, propionate, and butyrate.
The answers are A, B, & C. Steroid hormones have a
longer half-life than peptide hormones because steroid hormones ride on carrier
proteins in the blood. In other words, they
are bound to protein carriers that transport molecules across the membrane. They can also be stored temporarily in the adipose
tissue. And also, steroid hormones are sent to the nucleus where it regulates transcription
while peptides don’t require this process. This is the reason why the effects of
steroid hormones are exerted more slowly than peptides.
