In the Europe of 1800's, the beliefs displayed in this question could be labeled as follows:
Conservative: The government should be led by a monarch with legitimacy from God; the government should mantain stability through a social class system. The explanation is that, those who call themselfs conservatives do so because they are in favor to keep things the way they are, manteining the status quo; the type of government that ruled Europe in 1800 was the monarchy, and they believed that stability could be reached by a social class system, the royal family and the plebeians.
Liberal: People should be able to work their way up the social ladder; the government should emphasize citizens' rights as listed in a constitution. Liberals, in general, believe and praise freedom for all people, and often the government's intervention in society is questioned; some say that the government's role should be smaller, intervening only in crucial questions, like the assurance of rights, while others believe that the government should have a central power figure.
The correct answer is B, the National Road.
The National Road was the first major managed road in the United States built by the federal government. Carried out between 1811 and 1837, the 1,000-kilometer route connected the Potomac and the Ohio River and was one of the western tracks for thousands of settlers.
Construction began westward in 1811 at Cumberland, Maryland, on the Potomac River. After the financial panic of 1837 and the ensuing economic depression, funds from Congress were dry and construction was halted in Vandalia, Illinois.
The benevolent period of Salutary Neglect all changed after the French and Indian War (aka Seven Years War 1755-1763) Although the French and Indian War was a victory for the British they were left with a massive war debt. To pay the war debt the British ended their policy of Salutary Neglect in the colonies.
