Daniel Ellsberg is most famous as the military analyst who leaked "The Pentagon Papers" to the American press in 1971, revealing top secret information about US planning and decision-making in regard to the Vietnam War.
In regard to the question about October of 1969, the Nixon administration was at a point where they wanted to break the stalemate in Vietnam. According to Ellsberg, Nixon believed he could end the war by threatening the use of nuclear weapons against Vietnam, and had actually identified targets for nuclear strikes. Again, according to Ellsberg, the huge Moratorium to End the War in Vietnam demonstration, which included teach-ins and demonstrations all across the United States, convinced President Nixon not to increase the war in that way -- not to threaten nuclear war.
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Thomas Paine was the author. Its goal was to get the American people to think of Independence. Hope that helped.
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This is what i found "On September 27, 1940, the Axis powers are formed as Germany, Italy and Japan become allies with the signing of the Tripartite Pact in Berlin. The Pact provided for mutual assistance should any of the signatories suffer attack by any nation not already involved in the war. This formalizing of the alliance was aimed directly at “neutral” America—designed to force the United States to think twice before venturing in on the side of the Allies."
