There were 17 million deaths and 20 million wounded
I honestly think it's all of those so C!
Hope this helped!
Definitely C which is Russia
The likely effect of such trail lines that were left by pioneers migrating to the west were that people who moved there afterrwards were able to derive information regarding where it was relatively safe and where territory has been charted and mapped before. This enabled a little certainty in areas of great danger.
