Under the Constitution, the president is the federal official that is primarily responsible for the relations of the United States with foreign nations. The president appoints ambassadors, ministers, and consuls (subject to confirmation by the Senate) and receives foreign ambassadors and other public officials
The best known statement of the theory of nullification during this period was said by John C. Calhoun
divided government is the correct answer
Republican control is wrong
I'm not sure of his name, but it might have been Darius. If you want more info, search 'Gordian Knot'. There was supposedly a prophecy at the time stating that whoever could untie this immensely complicated knot that tied the king's horse yolk to his chariot would rule over Persia. When Alexander saw the knot he sliced it in two with his sword instead of trying to untie it. I'm pretty sure Darius (or whatever his name was)
I believe that although the constitution has not changed much since it was written, but I do believe that however, the interpretation of the constitution has changed over time. I believe that the Founding Fathers would be a little shocked if they were to travel through time and see how the US is right now.