The correct answer is the arterial blood carbon oxide level.
Arterial blood test measures oxygen and carbon dioxide levels in the blood. It also measures the body's acid-base level, which is normally balanced when an individual is healthy. The normal range for carbon dioxide is 23 to 29 mEq/L.
Answer:
Cellular Respiration: a process able to extract a large amount of energy from food molecules. In eukaryotic cells oxygen is a required component. This metabolic process is the main reason that animals have elaborate gas exchange organs such as lungs, gills and other systems. The goal of these systems is, of course, to get access to oxygen and to get rid of carbon dioxide.
Explanation:
Answer:
Following are the salient adaptations of villi that make them good absorbers:
Villi are single cell thick. ...
Villi have rich network of blood capillaries . ...
Most important is: Apical membranes of Villi further form many finger-like projections called microvilli or brush borders. ...
Villi have permeable membranes .
Answer:
f = m - u
Explanation:
DNA methylation is an important epigenetic modification associated with the regulation of gene expression. As such, the analysis of DNA methylation marks and the dynamics of this process may shed light on the genes that are being expressed at a given time in a given cell type/tissue. In the example above described, f is defined as the fraction of the DNA molecule that is methylated after one (1) hour, whose value can be estimated by subtracting u fraction (i.e., fraction of methylated locations that become unmethylated) from m fraction (i.e., fraction of unmethylated locations that become methylated).
In consequence, the equation is
f = m - u
