Allegory. Nature.
Theme. The need for each individual to avoid conformity and false consistency, and follow their own instincts and ideas.
Metaphor. "The eye was placed where one ray should fall, that it might testify of that particular ray.
Allusion.
Point of View.
Simile.
Imagery.
Irony.
White Fang learns how to track down prey, remembering that it is important to remain stealthy otherwise he would scare the prey away. Otherwise, he would have to go hungry and hunt again. It is harder in seasons when the prey is often hiding. In addition, he learns that hunting is a strong valuable skill for survival and it can help him know how to live when his mother is no longer with him to help.
The structural and rhetorical differences between Paine's and Henry's work is likely because both are coming from different geographical locations. Henry came from British area while Paine came from America. Paine tried to motivate and bring reality to America. He wrote a reminder how oppressive British crown is. Henry, on the other hand, used a similar base where England as the enemy.