Answer:
b. zero if either expectation to succeed or the perceived value of a goal is zero.
Explanation:
Expectancy x value theory also known as expectancy-value model of expectation asserts that the relationship between value and expectation is multiplicative, that is, if the value and individual puts on a task is zero, that individual will not feel motivated to achieve that task. Conversely, if the value is high but expectation to completing the task is zero, the individual will also not be motivated to complete the task.
Answer:
Imagine that you and your friends went out for the night. You and 2 other friends decide to go destroy property and trespass on fields. The other friend didn’t do it, but does have it on video and did watch it happen. Well if interdependent wasn’t a thing, then your friends couldn’t depend on that friend to keep it a secret. Get it?
They wanted to gain control of the ports for a military advantage
The answer is “No one is important; they are all nothing.” Granger
is mentioning to the nonexistence of significance most persons have over time
in the outstanding arrangement of things. Each individual's life is just a few
seconds in time and space. He even adds that even pronounced men are sooner or
later forgotten.
