In my view the best word would be ethos. Ethos is the set of fundamental values, guiding principles, social practices and beliefs that constitute the character of a particular culture.
1. is a because when unemployed the market goes down
Oman and Yemen are both located in the southern end of the Arabian peninsula. The other countries in the other parts of the peninsula include Qatar, Saudi Arabia, UAE, Kuwait, Bahrain, and some parts of Iraq + Jordan.
Let me know if you need anything else. :)
- Dotz