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us ship had formed a naval qurantine around cuba
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The Romans emerged as a small and largely insignificant people in the Italian peninsula around 753 BCE. Romans were also known as Latins, for the language they spoke and the plain where they lived. The city was founded and built on the Tiber River. Rome was ruled as a kingdom during this earlier period, and the limits of its kingdom were confined to a small area of the city of Rome and the surrounding lands. Not much is documented about Rome at this time.
According to Roman tradition, in the year 509 BCE, Rome rebelled against its king and transformed itself into a republic. A republic is a form of government with representatives and not a king. During this period, Rome became a power in the region. Over the next few centuries, the Romans waged a number of wars against other Italian groups on the peninsula, including some Greek city-states. By winning territory from the legendary Greeks, Rome gained respect and power.By the end of the Punic Wars, Rome found itself in control of a vast territory in places around the Mediterranean. Rome’s leaders began to claim more power for themselves around 50 BCE, and by 27 BCE the Republic fell, and an empire under control of the leader was established. The empire was also powerful, but faced more challenges. A combination of corrupt leaders, outside attacks, and just too big an empire to control led to the decline of Rome.
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A polis (plural: poleis) was the typical structure of a community in the ancient Greek world. A polis consisted of an urban centre, often fortified and with a sacred centre built on a natural acropolis or harbour, which controlled a surrounding territory (chora) of land. The term polis has, therefore, been translated as ‘city-state’ as there was typically only one city and because an individual polis was independent from other poleis in terms of political, judicial, legal, religious and social institutions and practices, each polis was in effect a state. Like a state, each polis was also involved in international affairs, both with other poleis and non-Greek states in the areas of trade, political alliances and wars. Other cultures had a similar social and political structure, notably, the Babylonians, Etruscans and Phoenicians, and the latter are believed to be the originators of the polis as a communal unit.
The polis emerged from the Dark Ages which followed the fall of the Mycenaean civilization in Greece and by the 8th century BCE a significant process of urbanisation had begun. There were eventually over 1,000 poleis in the Greek World but among the most important were Athens, Sparta, Corinth, Thebes, Syracuse, Aegina, Rhodes, Argos, Eretria, and Elis. The biggest was Sparta, although with some 8,500 km² of territory, this was exceptionally large and most poleis were small in size. However, poleis such as Athens, Rhodes and Syracuse possessed significant naval fleets which also allowed them to control wide areas of territory across the Aegean
The answer is b, hope this helps
