Option B i.e North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) is the correct answer.
In 1949, the United States, Canada, Iceland and other nine western nations (Belgium, Denmark, France, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, the United Kingdom ) founded NATO. It is a military alliance which was established to provide collective security against the Soviet Union.
The code noir was the edict concerning the African american slaves in Louisiana. i don't know of the top of my head why it didn't work on Haiti, so i'm am sorry i did not fully answer question (but i answered half! :D )