Answer: B
WHY?
Deletion mutation may cause a shift of base sequence, causing the reading frames for base sequence to change during translation. This may affect the type of amino acid it the original base sequence codes for, resulting in a change in amino acid sequence in the polypeptide translated. Therefore, affecting the whole protein itself. There may be wrong amino acids that prevents vital bonds like disulfide bridges to form, resulting in a huge change in 3 dimensional conformation of the protein. A point mutation may result in a gene sequence being edited. However, only the target sequence is being mutated. The rest of the gene sequences are left untouched. Therefore, the impact is localised. This ensures that even though a few wrong amino acids may be in the polyleptide, most of the bonds that are crucial for the correct 3 dimensional conformation is still present, therefore, lesser defects will be resulted due to point mutation as compared to deletion mutation.
When an area is malaria-free, the HbS allele frequency is between 0 and 2.02. Thus, option "A" is correct.
<h3>How, explain your answer briefly?</h3>
In the two maps that show the allele frequency of sickle haemoglobin (HbS) and malaria endemicity in Africa, it can be seen that in the regions with no malarial outbreak or malaria-free areas coincide with the grey to lighter shades of red in the heat map of the allele frequency of HbS. The colour coding in the heat map for the allele frequency tells us that the frequencies range from 0 to 2.02 in the malaria-free areas.
Hence the answer is A)When an area is malaria-free, the HbS allele frequency is between 0 and 2.02.
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