What possible effects could cyber attack have on Johannesburg stock exchange
1 answer:
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Answer:
Following are the code to this question:
#include <iostream>//defining header file
#include <string.h>//defining header file
using namespace std;//using package
char checksum(const char *x)//defining a method checksum
{
int s=0,m,d;//defining integer variables
for (m= 1;*x;++x)//defining for loop for caLculate value
{
d=*x-'0';//use integer variable to remove last digit from input value
s=s+m*d;//add value in s variable
m=4-m;//use m to remove 4 from m
}
return '0'+(1000-s)%10;//use return keyword to get value
}
int main()//defining main method
{
char ISBNNum[14];// defining character array
cout<<"Enter the first 12 digits of an ISBN-13 as a string:";//print message
cin>>ISBNNum;//input value from user end
if(strlen(ISBNNum)==12)//defining if block to check length
{
char a=checksum(ISBNNum);//defining char variable a to call method checksum
ISBNNum[12]=a;//use array to hold method value
ISBNNum[13]='\0';// use array to hold 13 character value
cout<<"The ISBN-13 number is "<<ISBNNum;//print number
}
else//defining else block
{
cout<<ISBNNum<<" is an invalid input"<<endl;//print message
}
return 0;
}
output:
please find the attachment.
Explanation:
In the given code a character method "checksum" is define that accepts a character as a parameter and inside the method, three integer variable "s,m, and d" is defined that uses the for loop to calculate the input value and use the return keyword for the return value. Inside the main method, a char array "ISBNNum", is defined that input the value from the user-end and define the conditional statement.
- In the if block, it uses "ISBNNum" char array that checks its length equal to 12, if this condition is true it defines char a to call the method and hold its value and use the array to sore value in a and its 13 lengths it stores "\0", and print its value.
- If the condition is false, it will print input array value and print invalid input as a message.
Answer:
There are 5,598,527,220 ways to choose <em>5</em> cards of type 1, <em>4 </em>cards<em> </em>of type 2, <em>2</em> cards of type 3 and <em>2</em> cards of type 4 from a set of 13 cards.
Explanation:
The <em>crucial point</em> of this problem is to understand the possible ways of choosing any type of card from the 13-card deck.
This is a problem of <em>combination</em> since the order of choosing them does not matter here, that is, the important fact is the number of cards of type 1, 2, 3 or 4 we can get, no matter the order that they appear after choosing them.
So, the question for each type of card that we need to answer here is, how many ways are there of choosing 5 cards of type 1, 4 cards of type 2, 2 cards of type 3 and 2 are of type 4 from the deck of 13 cards?
The mathematical formula for <em>combinations</em> is , where <em>n</em> is the total of elements available and <em>k </em>is the size of a selection of <em>k</em> elements from which we can choose from the total <em>n</em>.
Then,
Choosing 5 cards of type 1 from a 13-card deck:
, since
.
Choosing 4 cards of type 2 from a 13-card deck:
, since
.
Choosing 2 cards of type 3 from a 13-card deck:
, since
.
Choosing 2 cards of type 4 from a 13-card deck:
It is the same answer of the previous result, since
.
We still need to make use of the <em>Multiplication Principle</em> to get the final result, that is, the ways of having 5 cards of type 1, 4 cards of type 2, 2 cards of type 3 and 2 cards of type 4 is the multiplication of each case already obtained.
So, the answer about how many ways can we choose 13 cards so that there are 5 of type 1, there are 4 of type 2, there are 2 of type 3 and there are 2 of type 4 is:
1287 * 715 * 78 * 78 = 5,598,527,220 ways of doing that (or almost 6 thousand million ways).
In other words, there are 1287 ways of choosing 5 cards of type 1 from a set of 13 cards, 715 ways of choosing 4 cards of type 2 from a set of 13 cards and 78 ways of choosing 2 cards of type 3 and 2 cards of type 4, respectively, but having all these events at once is the <em>multiplication</em> of all them.