If were talking the book and not the song James J. I think the "J" is Joyce
Answer:
The immediate cause of World War I that made the aforementioned items come into play (alliances, imperialism, militarism, nationalism) was the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary. In June 1914, a Serbian-nationalist terrorist group called the Black Hand sent groups to assassinate the Archduke.
I think it is scale
Scale is the ground distance over map distance
