I think it’s c, i might be wrong though
<span>R group (or side chain) is an organic component of amino acids that is unique to each amino acid. </span> <span>Three of the amino acids have basic side chains at neutral pH: arginine (Arg), lysine (Lys), and histidine (His). Their side chains contain nitrogen and resemble ammonia, which is a base and their pKa's are high enough that they tend to bind protons, (positive charge). Aspartic acid or aspartate (Asp) and glutamic acid or glutamate (Glu) are acidic amino acids because their side chains have carboxylic acid groups whose pKa's are low enough to lose protons, (negatively charged). The non-polar amino acids contain uncharged functional groups<span> at physiological pH and are incapable of participating in hydrogen bonding. </span></span>
100% will have that allele. Homozygous means the alleles are the same for every gamete, for example looking at Mendel's pea plants, if the allele for the trait of growing tall is T and the allele for growing short is t, a homozygous tall pea plant would have the genotype TT, meaning all of its alleles are tall
Diffusion and osmosis to get the minerals in and the pholem uses diffusion to transport all parts of the plant body
Bacteria exposed to DNA can incorporate the DNA and change phenotype.
Hope this helps.
Have a nice day.
