Under normal conditions, some interstitial fluids slowly escape through the epidermis via a process called epidermis/trans-epidermal water loss.
Interstitial fluids are the fluids filled between the spaces present around the cells. This fluid is present due to the leakage of substances from the blood capillaries. It also aids in transport of oxygen, nutrients and removal of waste product from the cell.
Epidermis/trans-epidermal water loss is the passive evaporation of water from the skin. This is the reason why skin sometimes may feel very dry after a person wakes up. This evaporation happens de to the presence of water vapor gradient across both sides of the skin.
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Answer:
hope i helped but i think its b or d
Explanation:
Answer:In light-dependent reactions, the energy from sunlight is absorbed by chlorophyll and converted into chemical energy in the form of electron carrier molecules like ATP and NADPH. Light energy is harnessed in Photosystems I and II, both of which are present in the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts
Explanation:
Answer:
A. NADH and FADH2 both donate electrons at the same location.
Explanation:
In the respiratory chain, four large protein complexes inserted into the mitochondrial inner membrane transport NADH and FADH₂ electrons (formed in glycolysis and the Krebs cycle) to oxygen gas, reducing them to NAD⁺ and FAD, respectively.
These electrons have great affinity for oxygen gas and, when combined with it, reduce it to water molecules at the end of the reaction.
Oxygen gas effectively participates in cellular respiration at this stage, so its absence would imply interruption of the process.
NADH and FADH₂ electrons, when attracted to oxygen, travel a path through protein complexes, releasing energy in this process.
The energy released by the NADH and FADH₂ electrons in the respiratory chain in theory yields <u>34</u> <u>ATP</u>, however, under normal conditions an average of 26 ATP molecules is formed.
If we consider that these 26 molecules are added to the two ATP formed in glycolysis and two ATP formed in the Krebs cycle, it can be said that cellular respiration reaches a maximum yield of 30 ATP per glucose molecule, although theoretically this number was 38 ATP per glucose molecule.
Answer: One difference is that eukaryotic cells have a membrane-bound nucleus and prokaryotic cells do not. Another difference is that eukaryotic cells have many membrane-bound organelles while prokaryotic cells have no membrane-bound organelles.
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