<span>Liquids have a medium shape and volume. The particles can move or slide past each other due to the small space available for movement. It cannot be compressed further due to the repulsive forces that act between them. The kinetic energy is medium too. These are the reason why liquids must be placed in a container or vessel to contain them. Beakers, Flasks, and graduated cylinders can contain the liquid. They are like glasses except they are shaped to achieve a specific measurement. Rulers cannot contain the liquid.</span>
Moulds, those dusty little spots often found spreading over bread, cheese, books, and other things in the home, cause the loss of millions of dollars to our economy every year and, even worse, may be a menace to your health. To deal with them successfully we must understand what moulds are and exactly what they are doing.
Moulds are microscopic, plant-like organisms, composed of long filaments called hyphae. Mould hyphae grow over the surface and inside nearly all substances of plant or animal origin. Because of their filamentous construction and consistent lack of chlorophyll they are considered by most biologists to be separate from the plant kingdom and members of the kingdom of fungi. They are related to the familiar mushrooms and toadstools,differing only in not having their filaments united into large fruiting structures. For our purposes here, we shall consider as moulds only fungi that are commonly encountered n the home and laboratory and that can be easily grown and studied.
When mould hyphae are numerous enough to be seen by the naked eye they form a cottony mass called a mycelium. It is the hyphae and resulting mycelia that invade things in our homes and cause them to decay.
Reproduction in fungi is complex and involves a great diversity of structures. At the most fundamental level we can say that most moulds reproduce by spores. Spores are like seeds; they germinate to produce a new mould colony when they land in a suitable place. Unlike seeds, they are very simple in structure and never contain an embryo or any sort of preformed offspring. Spores are produced in a variety of ways and occur in a bewildering array of shapes and sizes. In spite of this diversity, spores are quite constant in shape, size, colour and form for any given mould, and are thus very useful for mould identification.
The most basic difference between spores lies in their method of initiation, which can be either sexual or asexual. Sexually initiated spores result from a mating between two different organisms or hyphae, whereas asexual spores result from a simple internal division or external modification of an individual hypha. the recognition of a mating and subsequent spore formation is often difficult for an observer,and is usually reserved for patient specialists. However, for practical purposes one can learn to recognize certain indications of the sexual process, namely, the four kinds of sexually determined spores that appear in mould fungi: (1) oospores, (2) zygospores, (3) ascospores, and (4) basidiospores.
Answer:
a.) freshwater plants may be rooted here--- Shore
b.) littoral zone--- it is the region of a lake or pond that is nearest to the shore
c.) limnetic zone--- A region of open water in lakes and ponds.
d.) alternately dry and submerged--- Intertidal Zone
e.) extends to edge of the continental shelf--- Neretic Zone
f.) generally low nutrient levels
g.) light penetrates here--- Photic Zone
h.) no photosynthesis occurs here--- Aphotic Zone
i.) benthic zone--- this is purely known as the bottom of the lakes or oceans
Answer:
B and T cells
Explanation:
During an immune response, B and T cells create memory cells. These are clones of the specific B and T cells that remain in the body, holding information about each threat the body has been exposed to! This gives our immune system memory.
