Answer: 3. Punishing behaviour that deviates from the terminal behaviour
Explanation: shaping procedure is the process of reinforcing successively closer approximations to a desired terminal behavior. It usually starts by reinforcing a behaviour that the individual already has and in some way related to the terminal (desired) behaviour; this is the first approximaion. After this is strengthened, the reinforcement is extinguished and then the next behaviour which is a closer approximation is strengthened and eventually extinguished.
This process continues with each approximation closer to the terminal behaviour until the terminal behaviour is achieved. For every step or approximation, the previous reinforcement has to be extinguished in order to move the process closer to the end goal, which is the terminal (desired) behaviour.
Answer:
They began to meander less, there was less erosion, channels narrowed, more pools formed, more riffle sections, all of which were great for wildlife habitat. The rivers changed in response to the wolves.
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Explanation:
The two major types of transactions that affect the international flow of money are trade in goods and services and capital flows.
Answer: Option D
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Out of all data on international economic transaction in the US, capital flow indicators are most prone to misleads and gaps. It is the exchange in financial assets between US and foreign residents.
Over the past ten years, capital flows have even exceeded trade flows. Information on this is largely needed to study the degree of US economy's internationalisation as below,
- Changing financial markets process in America
- Impact of foreign direct investments on the internal economy
- Foreign investment income in the US and net foreign debt service tax in the US
- The relationship between foreign capital flows and US interest and exchange rate.
Since net capital flows must be consistent with the balance of transactions and transfers (check account) for international goods and services, better information on cash flows would help explain the accuracy of US check account data.
Equality is giving everyone the same amount of something. Equity is giving those who are in need more of something in order to help them be equal with others. For example, an equalist will give everyone the same amount of food regardless of their size. An equitist, on the other hand, will give food in accordance to one's size. In my opinion, both have their pros and cons.
Answer:
The correct answer would be, Mental compulsion.
Explanation:
Tony hates his brother so much that he has started to think that if anything bad happens to his brother, he would be the one responsible for that. So whenever he passes by his brother's room, he starts to count odd numbers, this helps him lessen his anxiety. Tony's this behavior describes as the Mental compulsion.
Compulsions are behaviors that are repeated again and again to reduce the anxiety that is related to some obsession, and obsessions are unreasonable, unrelated thoughts or fears that make a person anxious. So to reduce the obsessions, a person may act compulsive. He tries to find out ways to reduce his anxiety, just like in the given question, Tony starts to count odd number whenever he passes by his brother room to reduce his fears and unreasonable thoughts.
