A negative feedback loop is a reaction that causes a decrease in function. It occurs in response to some kind of stimulus. Often, it causes the output of a system to be lessened; so, the feedback tends to stabilize the system. This can be referred to as homeostasis, as in biology, or equilibrium, as in mechanics.
In Ancient Greece, the Mycenaeans made huge advances in engineering and architecture and had a written language. Their society collapsed for unknown reasons in 1100 BCE