Social Issues are debates involving moral judgments that shall define how people in a society should act in certain situations or behave in social settings in general. These social issues may become social problems if the demeanor of people goes in the wrong direction and produce a chaos or moral decline in the society. Social movements is the next step to resolve the social problems arising in the society as a reason of moral decline or misconduct. the movements conducted by people of society enables the development and implementation of social policies that could provide a social solution.
So these debates are usually over virtue ethics (basically what you value, how you value things etc.). One debate is between the philosophy of utilitarianism and deontology (consequentialism vs means based). Social problems and issues are often times evaluated under particular values. For (a simple) ex. a utilitarian would value implementing a policy to save the most people whereas a deontologist wouldn’t look to save the most people if it meant infringing on the rights of the individual. So a utilitarian would care more about extinction then the most gruesome possible death of one person. Hope this helps!
