It’s counterclaims , reasons and evidence 
 
        
                    
             
        
        
        
Answer:
 Mikhail Gorbachev.
Explanation:
 Mikhail Gorbachev became the first president of the Soviet Union in 1990 and received Nobel Price for promoting peaceful international relations and ending Cold War. Gorbachev's key political changes included a more democratic system of elections. He abolished the special status of the Communist Party, as set out in the constitution of the USSR. State power was turned over to the USSR People's Duties Congress, the first parliament in the Soviet Union, based on democratic elections.
 
        
             
        
        
        
Many had different opinions on the constitution and different views on what the U.S should be like.
        
                    
             
        
        
        
The three ways in which geography was effected by these voyages are:
- they finally proved that the Earth is round;
- the discovery of new continents and islands;
- mapping;
The voyages of this period of time were extremely important for the geography as a science, as well as for the whole human kind. With them, it was finally proved that our planet is round, and thus those questions and debates were finally given the answer that everyone was looking for for so long. Four new continents and thousands of islands were discovered, and that gave a whole new perspective to the world, its shape, land masses, and water bodies. Since lot of new discoveries were made, and there was an ever-growing number of places discovered, the mapping was crucial, and there was a lot of focus on it that contributed in its development and new techniques of mapping.