Question

___ processing occurs when there is no necessary involvement of conscious awareness (e.g., typing on the keyboard without looking at the letters), and ___ processing occurs when a task is actively done through conscious awareness (e.g., writing up a report).

Answer 1

Answer:     Implicit; explicit

Explanation:  When it comes to typing without looking at the keyboard, it means that some previous experiences are being used which is why it is said to take place without the need for conscious awareness, then it is implicit processing. It is actually the use of automatic memory, as this processing is otherwise called, when past experiences are used no matter how long they have not been used. Implicit processing i.e automatic learning is like cycling, swimming or driving a car, once learned it can always be repeated even after a long time.

Explicit processing is also the so-called explicit memory, which involves the conscious processing of information and its memorisation, therefore it uses conscious awareness. This means that learning and gathering information is not automatic as in implicit processing, but is fully conscious. In aforementioned car driving, the driving skill itself is related to automatic, implicit memory, while the memory of a particular driving lesson is associated with explicit memory, i.e processing.