Answer: both testing effects and the effects of the calming music
Explanation: A brief intelligence test helps reinforce learning and makes it more likely that the participants can retrieve related information later as it is more likely to retain information if it is learned separated over time. Calming music may improve test-taking skills, improve performance, reduce stress and test anxiety of the participants and well as improving concentration. Therefore, the participants' increases in test scores may be due to both testing effects and the effects of the calming music.
Good time management allows you to accomplish more in a shorter period oftime, which leads to more free time, which lets you take advantage of learning opportunities, lowers your stress, and helps you focus, which leads to more career success. Each benefit of time management improves another aspect of your life.
