This question refers to the essay "The Idea of America" by Hannah-Jones. In this essay, Jones talks about the way Black people experienced, and impacted, the Revolutionary War in the United States. She tells us that:
<em>"...as the sociologist Glenn Bracey wrote, ‘‘Out of the ashes of white denigration, we gave birth to ourselves.’’ For as much as white people tried to pretend, black people were not chattel. And so the process of seasoning, instead of erasing identity, served an opposite purpose: In the void, we forged a new culture all our own."</em>
The explanation the author gives in this text expands on the quote by describing how Black people were able to develop their own selves. We learn that Black people were considered "chattel" and that they were denigrated, minimized and ignored constantly. However, this did not lead to the erasure of their culture. Instead, out of these harsh experiences, Black people were able to create their own identity in a way that continues to our day.
It's based on the Voting Rights Act of 1965. This prohibits the states and various political parties from putting voting qualifications or any other requirements in order to proceed with voting. Take note that this is all for the sake of the Civil Rights of the citizen so that everyone will be able to have a fair way to vote - regardless of status and color.
Before this happened, take note that only a few African Americans had access to voting. There were even tests conducted to see if they are worthy for voting - indicating a bias in their colored race.
The rule of law is the legal principle that law should govern a nation, as opposed to being governed by decisions of individual government officials. It primarily refers to the influence and authority of law within society, particularly as a constraint upon behaviour, including behaviour of government officials.
